The pilot needs to determine that the following documents are, as appropriate, on board, attached, or affixed to the airplane: The pilot should also take note of any distortions of the wings, fuselage, and tail, as well as skin damage and any staining, dripping, or puddles of fuel or oils. The pilot should make note of the general appearance of the airplane, looking for discrepancies such as misalignment of the landing gear and airplane structure. The visual preflight inspection of the airplane should begin while approaching the airplane on the ramp. Once the pilot has determined that the airplane’s logbooks provide factual assurance that the airplane meets its airworthiness requirements, it is appropriate to inspect the airplane visually. Any discrepancies need to be addressed prior to flight. Inoperative equipment (14 CFR part 91, section 91.213)Ī review determines if the required maintenance and inspections have been performed on the airplane.Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Form 337, Major Repair or Alteration (14 CFR part 91, section 91.417).Status, compliance, logbook entries for airworthiness directives (ADs) (14 CFR part 91, section 91.417(a) (2)(v)).Current status of life limited parts per Type Certificate Data Sheets (TCDS) (14 CFR part 91, section 91.417).ELT battery due (14 CFR part 91, section 91.207(c)).Emergency locator transmitter (ELT) inspection within the last 12 months (14 CFR part 91, section 91.207(d)).30-day VHF omnidirectional range (VOR) equipment check when using the VOR system of radio navigation for IFR flight (14 CFR part 91, section 91.171).Static system and encoder certification, within the preceding 24 calendar months, required for instrument flight rules (IFR) flight in controlled airspace (14 CFR part 91, section 91.411).Transponder certification within the preceding 24 calendar months (14 CFR part 91, section 91.413).100-hour inspection, if the aircraft is operated for hire (14 CFR part 91, section 91.409(b)).Annual inspection within the preceding 12 calendar months (Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) part 91, section 91.409(a)).Airplane Flight Manuals (AFM) and the Pilot Operating Handbook (POH) for each individual aircraft explain the required items for inspection A visual inspection of the aircraft before flight is an important step in mitigating airplane flight hazardsįigure 3. Pilots should view the aircraft’s maintenance logbook prior to flight to ensure the aircraft is safe to flyįigure 2. Following the AFM/POH to determine the required items for visual inspection. Inspecting the airplane’s airworthiness status. ![]() The pilot's inspection should involve the following: The owner/operator is primarily responsible for maintenance, but in accordance with 14 CFR part 91, section 91.7(a) and (b) no person may operate a civil aircraft unless it is in an airworthy condition and the pilot in command of a civil aircraft is responsible for determining whether the aircraft is in condition for safe flight. Per 14 CFR part 3, section 3.5(a), the term “airworthy” means that the aircraft conforms to its type design and is in condition for safe operation. The preflight assessment ensures that any aircraft flown meets regulatory airworthiness standards and is in a safe mechanical condition prior to flight. The visual preflight assessment mitigates airplane flight hazards.
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